Ruby 3 Type profiling: Dynamic data type at run time in ruby

Hi, This is Shubham Mishra from India,  this is the part of Ruby on Rails exploration journey.  In this post we will discuss about the ruby's some special concepts and I am sure you will get excited to make your hands dirty with those code, so why to wait let's get started...

Ruby 3 introduces type profiling, a new tool that lets us examine how programmes behave at runtime and determine the types of objects there. By helping the Ruby interpreter to produce more effective code, this can help performance. Type profiling is an optional feature that can be turned on or off at runtime. This blog post will go through the new type profiling functionality in Ruby 3 and give a practical use for it.

To enable type profiling, we need to pass the -v command-line option to the Ruby interpreter. Here's an example:


In command A, we enable type profiling and the just-in-time (JIT) compiler, which can improve performance by compiling Ruby code into machine code at runtime

Once type profiling is enabled, we can use the --dump=typeprof command-line option to generate a type profile file, like command B in above snippet. There we generate a type profile file named type_profile.bin.

The type profile file can then be used to optimize the performance of Ruby code, as can be seen in above snippet, example section. There we define a function called foo that takes an argument x. If x is an integer, we add 1 to it. Otherwise, we convert x to a string.

We must run this function with type profiling enabled and create a type profile file in order to optimise it using type profiling. After that, we can examine the type profile file and create a signature file using the rbs-tprof command-line tool. Here's an illustration:


By executing the command above, we generate a signature file named `foo.rbs`. The signature file can then be used to optimize the performance of Ruby code that calls the foo function.

As an illustration, we write two method signatures for the foo function, one that accepts an integer argument and returns an integer, and the other that accepts a string argument and produces a string. These method signatures inform the Ruby interpreter of the sorts of arguments that the foo function expects, allowing it to produce more efficient code when invoking the function.

In summary, type profiling is a potent new feature in Ruby 3 that can enhance the efficiency of Ruby code by examining the behaviour of programmes during runtime and determining the kinds of objects inside. We may write more effective code and enhance the functionality of our programmes by employing type profiling.

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